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BASEWEB -- base web where an INCLUDE started
- The web name where the includes started, e.g. the web of the first topic of nested includes. Same as
%WEB% in case there is no include.
- Syntax:
%BASEWEB%
- Related: BASETOPIC, INCLUDINGWEB, INCLUDE, WEB
DISPLAYTIME -- display time
DISPLAYTIME{"format"} -- formatted display time
- Formatted time - either GMT or Local server time, depending on setting in TWiki.cfg. Same format qualifiers as
%GMTIME%
- Syntax:
%DISPLAYTIME{"format"}%
- Example:
%DISPLAYTIME{"$hou:$min"}% expands to 17:09
- Related: DISPLAYTIME, GMTIME, SERVERTIME
ENCODE{"string"} -- encodes a string
- Syntax:
%ENCODE{"string"}%
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "string" | String to encode | required (can be empty) | type="entity" | Encode special characters into HTML entities, like a double quote into " | URL encoding | type="url" | Encode special characters for URL parameter use, like a double quote into %22 | (this is the default) |
- Example:
%ENCODE{"spaced name"}% expands to spaced%20name
- Related: URLPARAM
GMTIME -- GM time
GMTIME{"format"} -- formatted GM time
- Syntax:
%GMTIME{"format"}%
- Supported variables:
| Variable: | Unit: | Example | $seconds | seconds | 59 | $minutes | minutes | 59 | $hours | hours | 23 | $day | day of month | 31 | $wday | day of the Week (Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat) | Thu | $month | month in ISO format | Dec | $mo | 2 digit month | 12 | $year | 4 digit year | 1999 | $ye | 2 digit year | 99 | $tz | either "GMT" (if set to gmtime), or "Local" (if set to servertime) | GMT | $iso | ISO format timestamp | 2025-04-10T17:09:25Z | $rcs | RCS format timestamp | 2025/04/10 17:09:25 | $http | E-mail & http format timestamp | Thu, 10 Apr 2025 17:09:25 GMT |
- Variables can be shortened to 3 characters
- Example:
%GMTIME{"$day $month, $year - $hour:$min:$sec"}% expands to 10 Apr, 2025 - 17:09:25
- Related: DISPLAYTIME, GMTIME, SERVERTIME
HOMETOPIC -- home topic in each web
HTTP_HOST -- environment variable
ICON{"type"} -- small icon of common attachment types
- Small 16x16 pixel icon of common attachment types. Specify file type only, file name, or full path name
- Syntax:
%ICON{"type"}%
- Samples:
 bmp,  doc,  gif,  hlp,  html,  mp3,  pdf,  ppt,  txt,  xls,  xml,  zip
- Example:
%ICON{"pdf"}% expands to
- Related: TWikiPreferences, FileAttachments, TWikiDocGraphics
INCLUDE{"page"} -- include other topics or web pages
- Syntax:
%INCLUDE{"page" ...}%
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "SomeTopic" | The name of a topic located in the current web, i.e. %INCLUDE{"WebNotify"}% | | "Web.Topic" | A topic in another web, i.e. %INCLUDE{"TWiki.SiteMap"}% | | "http://..." | A full qualified URL, i.e. %INCLUDE{"http://twiki.org/"}% | | pattern="..." | A RegularExpression pattern to include a subset of a topic or page | none | rev="1.2" | Include a previous topic revision; N/A for URLs | top revision | warn="off" | Warn if topic include fails: Fail silently (if off); output default warning (if set to on); else, output specific text (use $topic for topic name) | %INCLUDE- WARNING% preferences setting |
- Related: BASETOPIC, BASEWEB, INCLUDINGTOPIC, INCLUDINGWEB, IncludeTopicsAndWebPages
INCLUDINGTOPIC -- name of topic that includes current topic
- The name of the topic that includes the current topic - same as
%TOPIC% in case there is no include
- Syntax:
%INCLUDINGTOPIC%
- Related: BASETOPIC, INCLUDINGWEB, INCLUDE, TOPIC
INCLUDINGWEB -- web that includes current topic
- The web name of the topic that includes the current topic - same as
%WEB% if there is no INCLUDE.
- Syntax:
%INCLUDINGWEB%
- Related: BASEWEB, INCLUDINGTOPIC, INCLUDE, WEB
MAINWEB -- name of Main web
METASEARCH -- special search of meta data
- Syntax:
%METASEARCH{...}%
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | type="topicmoved" | What sort of search is required?
"topicmoved" if search for a topic that may have been moved
"parent" if searching for topics that have a specific parent i.e. its children | required | web="%WEB%" | Wiki web to search: A web, a list of webs separated by whitespace, or all webs. | required | topic="%TOPIC%" | The topic the search relates to | required | title="Title" | Text that is prepended to any search results | required |
- Example:
%METASEARCH{type="topicmoved" web="%WEB%" topic="%TOPIC%" title="This topic used to exist and was moved to: "}%
- Example: You may want to use this in WebTopicViewTemplate and WebTopicNonWikiTemplate:
%METASEARCH{type="parent" web="%WEB%" topic="%TOPIC%" title="Children: "}%
- Related: SEARCH
NOTIFYTOPIC -- name of the notify topic
PUBURL -- the base URL of attachments
- Syntax:
%PUBURL%
- Expands to:
https://wiki.ivoa.net./internal
- Example: You can refer to a file attached to another topic with
%PUBURL%/%WEB%/OtherTopic/image.gif
- Related: ATTACHURL, PUBURLPATH, SCRIPTURL, FileAttachments
PUBURLPATH -- the base URL path of attachments
REMOTE_ADDR -- environment variable
REMOTE_PORT -- environment variable
REMOTE_USER -- environment variable
SCRIPTURL -- script URL of TWiki
- Syntax:
%SCRIPTURL%
- Expands to:
https://wiki.ivoa.net./twiki/bin
- Example: To get the authenticated version of current topic write
%SCRIPTURL%/viewauth%SCRIPTSUFFIX%/%WEB%/%TOPIC% which expands to https://wiki.ivoa.net./twiki/bin/viewauth/TWiki/TWikiVariables
- Related: PUBURL, SCRIPTSUFFIX, SCRIPTURLPATH
SCRIPTURLPATH -- script URL path of TWiki
SCRIPTSUFFIX -- script suffix
- Some TWiki installations require a file extension for CGI scripts like
.pl or .cgi
- Syntax:
%SCRIPTSUFFIX%
- Expands to:
- Related: SCRIPTURL
SEARCH{"text"} -- search content
- Inline search, shows a search result embedded in a topic
- Syntax:
%SEARCH{"text" ...}%
- Supported parameters: [1]
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "text" | Search term. Is a keyword search, literal search or regular expression search, depending on the type parameter. SearchHelp has more | required | search="text" | (Alternative to above) | N/A | web="Name"
web="Main, Know"
web="all" | Wiki web to search: A web, a list of webs separated by comma, or all webs. [2] | Current web | topic="WebPreferences"
topic="*Bug" | Limit search to topics: A topic, a topic with asterisk wildcards, or a list of topics separated by comma. | All topics in a web | excludetopic="Web*"
excludetopic="WebHome, WebChanges" | Exclude topics from search: A topic, a topic with asterisk wildcards, or a list of topics separated by comma. | None | type="keyword"
type="literal"
type="regex" | Do a keyword search like soap "web service" -shampoo; a literal search like web service; or RegularExpression search like soap;web service;!shampoo | %SEARCHVAR- DEFAULTTYPE% preferences setting (literal) | scope="topic"
scope="text"
scope="all" | Search topic name (title); the text (body) of topic; or all (both) | "text" | order="topic"
order="created"
order="modified"
order="editby"
order=
"formfield(name)" | Sort the results of search by the topic names, topic creation time, last modified time, last editor, or named field of TWikiForms. The sorting is done web by web; in case you want to sort across webs, create a formatted table and sort it with TablePlugin's initsort | Sort by topic name | limit="all"
limit="16" | Limit the number of results returned. This is done after sorting in case order is specified | All results | reverse="on" | Reverse the direction of the search | Ascending search | casesensitive="on" | Case sensitive search | Ignore case | nosummary="on" | Show topic title only | Show topic summary | bookview="on" | BookView search, e.g. show complete topic text | Show topic summary | nosearch="on" | Suppress search string | Show search string | noheader="on" | Suppress search header
Topics: Changed: By: | Show search header | nototal="on" | Do not show number of topics found | Show number | header="..."
format="..." | Custom format results: see FormattedSearch for usage, variables & examples | Results in table | expandvariables="on" | Expand variables before applying a FormattedSearch on a search hit. Useful to show the expanded text, e.g. to show the result of a SpreadSheetPlugin %CALC{}% instead of the formula | Raw text | multiple="on" | Multiple hits per topic. Each hit can be formatted. The last token is used in case of a regular expression ";" and search | Only one hit per topic | separator=", " | Line separator between hits | Newline "$n" |
- Example:
%SEARCH{"wiki" web="Main" scope="topic"}%
- Example with format:
%SEARCH{"FAQ" scope="topic" nosearch="on" nototal="on" header="| *Topic: * | *Summary: * |" format="| $topic | $summary |"% (displays results in a table with header - details)
-
 If the TWiki:Plugins.TablePlugin is installed, you may set a %TABLE{}% variable just before the %SEARCH{}% to alter the output of a search. Example: %TABLE{ tablewidth="90%" }%
- Related: METASEARCH, TOPICLIST, WEBLIST, FormattedSearch
- [1] Note: The search form uses identical names for input fields.
- [2] Note: A web can be excluded from a
web="all" search if you define a NOSEARCHALL=on variable in its WebPreferences
SERVERTIME -- server time
SERVERTIME{"format"} -- formatted server time
- Same format qualifiers as
%GMTIME%
- Syntax:
%SERVERTIME{"format"}%
- Example:
%SERVERTIME{"$hou:$min"}% expands to 19:09
- Related: DISPLAYTIME, GMTIME, SERVERTIME
SPACEDTOPIC -- topic name, spaced and encoded
- The current topic name with added spaces, for regular expression search of Ref-By
- Syntax:
%SPACEDTOPIC%
- Expands to:
TWiki%20*Variables
- Related: TOPIC
STARTINCLUDE -- start position of topic text if included
- If present in included topic, start to include text from this location up to the end, or up to the location of the
%STOPINCLUDE% variable. A normal view of the topic shows everyting exept the %STARTINCLUDE% variable itself.
- Syntax:
%STARTINCLUDE%
- Related: INCLUDE, STOPINCLUDE
STATISTICSTOPIC -- name of statistics topic
STOPINCLUDE -- end position of topic text if included
- If present in included topic, stop to include text at this location and ignore the remaining text. A normal view of the topic shows everyting exept the
%STOPINCLUDE% variable itself.
- Syntax:
%STOPINCLUDE%
- Related: INCLUDE, STARTINCLUDE
TOC -- table of contents of current topic
TOC{"Topic"} -- table of contents
- Syntax:
%TOC{"SomeTopic" ...}%
- Table of Contents. Shows a TOC that is generated automatically based on headings of a topic. Headings in WikiSyntax (
"---++ text") and HTML ("<h2>text</h2>") are taken into account. Any heading text after "!!" is excluded from the TOC; for example, write "---+!! text" if you do not want to list a header in the TOC
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "TopicName" | topic name | Current topic | web="Name" | Name of web | Current web | depth="2" | Limit depth of headings shown in TOC | 6 | title="Some text" | Title to appear at top of TOC | none |
- Example:
%TOC{depth="2"}%
- Example:
%TOC{"TWikiDocumentation" web="TWiki" title="Contents:"}%
- Related: TOC
TOPIC -- name of current topic
TOPICLIST{"format"} -- topic index of a web
- The "format" defines the format of one topic item. It may include variables: The
$name variable gets expanded to the topic name; the $web variable gets expanded to the name of the web.
- Syntax:
%TOPICLIST{"format" ...}%
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "format" | Format of one line, may include $name and $web variables | "$name" | format="format" | (Alternative to above) | "$name" | separator=", " | line separator | "\n" (new line) | web="Name" | Name of web | Current web |
- Example:
%TOPICLIST{" * $web.$name"}% creates a bullet list of all topics
- Example:
%TOPICLIST{separator=", "}% creates a comma separated list of all topics
- Example:
%TOPICLIST{" <option>$name</option>"}% creates an option list (for drop down menus)
- Related: SEARCH, WEBLIST
TWIKIWEB -- name of TWiki documentation web
- The web containing all documentation and site-wide preference settings for TWiki
- Syntax:
%TWIKIWEB%
- Expands to:
TWiki
- Related: MAINWEB
URLPARAM{"name"} -- get value of a URL parameter
- Returns the value of a URL parameter. Note that there is a risk that this variable could be misused for cross-scripting
- Syntax:
%URLPARAM{"name"}%
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "name" | The name of a URL parameter | required | default="..." | Default value in case parameter is empty or missing | empty string | newline="<br />" | Convert newlines in textarea to other delimiters | no conversion | encode="entity" | Encode special characters into HTML entities, like a double quote into ". This is needed if text is put into an HTML form field | no encoding | encode="url" | Encode special characters for URL parameter use, like a double quote into %22 | no encoding | multiple="on"
multiple="[[$item]]" | If set, gets all selected elements of a <select multiple="multiple"> tag. A format can be specified, with $item indicating the element, e.g. multiple="Option: $item" | first element | separator=", " | Separator between multiple selections. Only relevant if multiple is specified | "\n" (new line) |
- Example:
%URLPARAM{"skin"}% returns print for a .../view/TWiki/TWikiVariables?skin=print URL. Test this:
- Related: SEARCH, FormattedSearch
USERNAME -- your login username
VAR{"NAME" web="Web"} -- get a preference value from another web
- Syntax:
%VAR{"NAME" web="Web"}%
- Example: To get
%WEBBGCOLOR% of the Main web write %VAR{"WEBBGCOLOR" web="Main"}%, which expands to #FFEFA6
- Related: WEBPREFSTOPIC
WEB -- name of current web
WEBLIST{"format"} -- index of all webs
- List of all webs. Hidden webs are excluded, e.g. webs with a
NOSEARCHALL=on preference variable. The "format" defines the format of one web item. The $name variable gets expanded to the name of the web, $qname gets expanded to double quoted name, $marker to marker where web matches selection.
- Syntax:
%WEBLIST{"format" ...}%
- Supported parameters:
| Parameter: | Description: | Default: | "format" | Format of one line, may include $name variable | "$name" | format="format" | (Alternative to above) | "$name" | separator=", " | line separator | "\n" (new line) | webs="public" | comma sep list of Web, public expands to all non-hidden | "public" | marker="selected" | Text for $marker where item matches selection, otherwise equals "" | "selected" | selection="%WEB%" | Current value to be selected in list | section="%WEB%" |
- Example:
%WEBLIST{" * [[$name.WebHome]]"}% creates a bullet list of all webs.
- Example:
%WEBLIST{"<option $marker value=$qname>$name</option>" webs="Trash,public" selection="TWiki" separator=" "}% Dropdown of all public Webs + Trash Web, current Web highlighted.
- Related: TOPICLIST, SEARCH
WEBPREFSTOPIC -- name of web preferences topic
WIKIHOMEURL -- site home URL
- The base URL of TWiki, is the link of the Home icon in the upper left corner, defined in TWiki.cfg
- Syntax:
%WIKIHOMEURL%
- Expands to:
/twiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome
- Related: WIKITOOLNAME
WIKINAME -- your Wiki username
WIKIPREFSTOPIC -- name of site-wide preferences topic
WIKITOOLNAME -- name of your TWiki site
WIKIUSERNAME -- your Wiki username with web prefix
- Your %WIKINAME% with Main web prefix, useful to point to your TWiki home page
- Syntax:
%WIKIUSERNAME%
- Expands to:
Main.TWikiGuest, renders as TWikiGuest
- Related: REMOTE_USER, USERNAME, WIKINAME
WIKIUSERSTOPIC -- name of topic listing all registers users
WIKIVERSION -- the version of the installed TWiki engine
- Syntax:
%WIKIVERSION%
- Expands to:
TWiki-6.1.0, Mon, 16 Jul 2018, build 30610
- Related: WIKITOOLNAME
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Take the time to thoroughly read through ALL preference variables. If you actively configure your site, review variables periodically. They cover a wide range of functions, and it can be easy to miss the one perfect variable for something you have in mind. For example, see 
